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FM541 · Water Hammer in Pipes

Experimental Apparatus for the Study of Water Hammer in Pipes

Experiments
  • Water hammer as a function of valve closing time
  • Water hammer as a function of steady-state flow rate
  • Visualisation and measurement of pressure transients during water hammer
  • Determination of pressure wave reflection time
  • Calculation of wave propagation velocity in water
  • Modification of the valve closing law to prevent the onset of water hammer
FM541
Schematic diagram of the FM541 apparatus
Solenoid valve
constant closing time (20…30 ms)
Manometer
Solenoid valve
adjustable closing time (1…4 s)
Pressure transducer
0…10 bar
Rotameter
up to 300 L/h
Safety valve
16 bar - protects against overpressure
Coiled copper pipe
33 turns · 60 m · coiling minimizes footprint while keeping full length for measurable reflection times
Pressure vessel
air cushion - simulates open boundary, ensures clear wave reflection
Schematic diagram of the FM541 apparatus
Solenoid valve
constant closing time (20…30 ms)
Manometer
Solenoid valve
adjustable closing time (1…4 s)
Pressure transducer
0…10 bar
Rotameter
up to 300 L/h
Safety valve
16 bar - protects against overpressure
Coiled copper pipe
33 turns · 60 m · coiling minimizes footprint while keeping full length for measurable reflection times
Pressure vessel
air cushion - simulates open boundary, ensures clear wave reflection
FM541 process and instrumentation diagram (simplified) P inlet outlet Pressure vessel Coiled copper pipe constant time variable time Solenoid valves Needle valve flow adjustment

FM541 process & instrumentation diagram ( simplified )

Real Time Data Acquisition and Control Software
    FM541 data acquisition software interface

    FM541 data acquisition software interface

    FM541 data acquisition software interface

    FM541 data acquisition software interface
Connectivity
    Internet LAB FM541 Live Data On-site student Live Data Remote student WiFi

    The apparatus is equipped with Sangari Connect technology, which allows students to view live data and control the device both from computers in the lab and remotely.

Part of package

Pipe Systems Lab

FM562 FM563 FM564 FM565
FM541 FM567 FM568 FM569

A comprehensive set of experimental equipment covering pipe flow hydrodynamics, pipe networks, water hammer, flowmetry, domestic water supply, and pipe maintenance.

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