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FM342 · Energy Losses in Pipe Fittings

Experimental Apparatus for the Study of Energy Losses in Pipe Fittings

Learning objectives / experiments
  • Measurement of losses in standard pipe fittings, such as:
    • Mitre bend
    • Elbow
    • Large-radius bend
    • Contraction
    • Enlargement
  • Determination of the relation between flow rate and head loss in each component
  • Determination of the k value of each fitting
FM342
The FM342 apparatus with its parts named
Large-radius bend
Multitube piezometer
Pressure tappings
Allow measuring the pressure drop across each fitting
Ball valve
Sets the flow rate, mounted downstream of the circuit
Sudden contraction and sudden enlargement
Small-radius elbow
Hand pump connection
Used for setting the datum of the piezometer tubes
Inlet
From the hydraulic bench, through a flexible hose not shown here
Mitre bend
Two pipes cut at 45° and joined, the sharpest turn
The FM342 apparatus with its parts named
Large-radius bend
Multitube piezometer
Pressure tappings
Allow measuring the pressure drop across each fitting
Ball valve
Sets the flow rate, mounted downstream of the circuit
Sudden contraction and sudden enlargement
Small-radius elbow
Hand pump connection
Used for setting the datum of the piezometer tubes
Inlet
From the hydraulic bench, through a flexible hose not shown here
Mitre bend
Two pipes cut at 45° and joined, the sharpest turn
Technical specifications
    Operating environment laboratory conditions
    Operating temperature +5…+40 °C
    Operating relative humidity 80 % at temperatures below 31 °C, falling linearly to 50 % at 40 °C
    Maximum water pressure 2 bar
    Net dimensions W 980 × H 800 × D 460 mm
    Weight 12 kg
    Bends 90° mitre, small-radius elbow, large-radius bend, all on the 20 mm pipe run
    Reducer and enlargement sudden contraction 30 → 20 mm, sudden enlargement 20 → 30 mm
    Pressure tappings 10, one for each piezometer tube
    Piezometer multitube, 10 tubes, scale 0…600 mm water, hand pump for the datum
    Flow control ball valve downstream of the circuit
    Bench connection hose connector, to the FM500 or any laboratory bench
Data acquisition software
    Students record the readings of each experiment on a PC, in the Sangari eLearning platform. The software runs the calculations, shows the data in clear tables and charts, and exports the results for further study.
Scope of delivery
  • 1 FM342 apparatus, with the pipe circuit, its ten pressure tappings, the multitube piezometer and the ball valve
  • 1 hand pump for the piezometer datum
  • 1 flexible hose with connector for the hydraulic bench
  • 1 data acquisition software licence
  • 1 set of instructional material with the experiment procedures

All components and accessories listed under Scope of delivery are supplied, whether or not they are visible in the illustrations.